31. Rhodostemonodaphne napoensis

Rhodostemonodaphne napoensis Madriñán, sp. nov.

Type. Ecuador. Napo: Aguarico, 27 Nov 1991 (stam. fl), Quelal 312 (holotype, MO; isotype, GH).

Rhodostemonodaphne kunthianae et R. negrensi similis, ab illa inflorescentiis pendulis omnibus elongatis, ab hac antherarum locellis latrorsis differt.

Named after the Napo river and Province in Amazonian Ecuador.

Description

Trees: branching unknown; twigs angular, soon becoming terete, ca. 3 mm diam.; epidermis black, barely visible due to indument cover; terminal bud plump?, ca. 1 X 1 mm; cataphylls persisting on current flush, up to 0.8 mm long; indument puberulous, caducous after one flush, the hairs dense, up to 0.3 mm long, straight, erect, reddish. Leaves: petioles robust, 0.7–1.2 cm X 2.5–3.5 mm, adaxially flattened; blades thinly chartaceous, flat, broadly elliptic, 17–27 X 9–11 cm; base obtuse to rounded, 120–140°; apex acute to obtuse, 80–130°, ultimately acuminate for up to 2 cm; margin plane; primary vein above flat to slightly raised, below raised to prominent; secondary veins 8–10 pairs, equidistant, brochidodromous, above impressed to flat, below raised, diverging at 45–65°, evenly arching, chordal angle 20–35°, the angle uniform along blade length; tertiary veins above flat, below slightly raised, random-reticulate to scalariform; higher order veins above flat, below slightly raised; surface above grayish-brown, below brown; indument above absent, the primary and secondary veins puberulous, below puberulous, the hairs isolated, up to 0.4 mm long, straight, erect, reddish-brown, denser on the veins, caducous after one flush. Staminate inflorescences: basitonic to mesotonic, pendulous?, peduncles 16–30 cm long, the hypopodia 5–8 cm X 1.5–2 mm, branch orders 4, the second-order branches 14–19, dispersed, lowest branch up to 1.5 cm long, color and indument of all axes as on twigs; bracts and bracteoles caducous (not seen). Staminate flowers: pedicels ca. 4.8 X 1 mm, the diameter even throughout; receptacle obconical, ca. 2 X 3.1 mm; tepals coriaceous, obovate, ca. 3.5 X 2.5 mm, at anthesis spreading, reddish-brown, adaxially puberulous; stamens of whorls I and II, the anthers sessile, oblong, ca. 1.2 X 1.2 mm, with a few hairs at base, the locelli 4, apical, in a strong arch, the upper pair introrse, the lower pair latrorse, the glands absent; whorl III columnar, ca. 1.4 X 1 mm, with a few hairs at base, the locelli 4, the upper pair latrorse, the lower pair extrorse, the glands globular, ca. 0.8 mm diam.; whorl IV absent; all stamens reddish; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers and fruits unknown.

Field notes

Trees up to 20 m tall and 20 cm diam., already flowering when 10 m tall. Tepals yellow.

Distribution (Figure 20)

Napo department, Amazonian Ecuador, at 200–250 m elev., in primary rain forest, on boggy soils.  Flowering November, during the dry season.

Additional specimens examined

Ecuador. Napo: Orellana, 3 Nov 1989 (stam. fl bud), Gudiño 143 (MO).

Discussion

The most characteristic feature of Rhodostemonodaphne napoensis is its inflorescences; they are longer than the leaves, most likely pendulous, and the secondary branches are numerous and little branched.  Vegetatively it is very similar to R. negrensis, from the Rio Negro, which can also have elongated inflorescences.  However, R. napoensis has yellow flowers while R. negrensis has orange to purple ones, furthermore, the anthers of whorls I and II in R. napoensis have conspicuously latrorse lower locelli, while those of R. negrensis are strictly introrse. Rhodostemonodaphne napoensis and R. negrensis may in fact form a link between the R. scandens and R. kunthiana species groups.

Contact | Updated 29.07.2005 | ©2005 Santiago Madriñán