4. Rhodostemonodaphne longiflora

Rhodostemonodaphne longiflora Madriñán, sp. nov.

Type. Bolivia. Vicinity of Santa Cruz: Santa Cruz, Jul 1865 (stam. fl), Pearce 26-X (holotype, K).

Ex affinitate R. laxae sed inflorescentiis longioribus et staminibus laminaribus stipitatis bene distincta.

Named for its inflorescences, unusually longer than the leaves.  [Lat. longus, long + flos, flower].

Description

Trees: branching unknown; twigs angular, soon becoming terete, 4–5 mm diam.; epidermis black; terminal bud plump, ca. 1 X 1 mm; cataphylls caducous; indument puberulous, caducous by next flush, the hairs sparse, up to 0.2 mm long, straight to curved, erect, yellowish to reddish. Leaves: petioles robust, 1–1.5 cm X 2–2.5 mm, adaxially flattened; blades coriaceous, flat, elliptic, (6–)8–13 X 3–6 cm; base acute to obtuse, 60–110°; apex obtuse, ca. 100°; margin flatmargin plane; primary vein above flat, below raised; secondary veins 4–6 pairs, equidistant, weakly brochidodromous, above flat, below raised, diverging at 50–55°, evenly arching (forked), chordal angle ca. 20°, angle, the angle uniform along blade length; tertiary veins above flat, below slightly raised, weakly scalariform to random-reticulate; higher order veins above flat, below slightly raised; surface above greenish-brown, the veins darker, below yellowish-green, the veins reddish; indument above puberulous, primary , the primary vein tomentose, caducous by next flush, below puberulous, the hairs isolated, up to 0.3 mm long, straight to curved, erect, golden yellow to reddish, caducous by next flush. Staminate inflorescences: basitonic to mesotonic, pendulous?, peduncles (3–)11–15 cm long, hypopodiathe hypopodia (0.5–)3–4 cm X ca. 2 mm, branch orders 5, second-order , the second-order branches 5–14, dispersed, lowest branch up to ca. 2 cm long, all axes black, indument of all axes as on twigs; bracts and bracteoles caducous (not seen). Staminate flowers: pedicels 10 X 0.6 mm, the diameter even throughout; receptacle obconical, ca. 1.5 X 4.8 mm; tepals membranaceous, ovate, ca. 1.8 X 1.4 mm, at anthesis erect to spreading, reddish to black, adaxially glabrous; stamens of whorls I and II spathulate, chubby, anther , the anthersovate, ca. 0.8 X 1 mm (whorl II slightly smaller), glabrous, locelli, the locelli 4, apical, in a shallow arch, introrse, glands, the glands absent; whorl III columnar, ca. 0.9 X 0.5 mm, glabrous, anther , the antherswith a medial adaxial process, oblong, locelli, the locelli 4, upperthe upper pair latrorse, lowerthe lower pair extrorse, glands, the glands globular, ca. 0.6 mm diam.; whorl IV absent; all stamens reddish; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers and fruits unknown.

Field notes

Trees up to ca. 13 m tall. Tepals greenish?

Distribution

Known only from the type collection made attributed in the label to in the vicinity of Santa Cruz, Bolivia, at ca. 300 m elev.–-it is doubtful that Pearce collected in Santa Cruz de la Sierra or anywhere in Depto. de Santa Cruz; there are other localities named Santa Cruz in the Amazonian lowlands in the North of the country in Deptos. Beni and Pando; flowering in July during the dry season.

Additional specimens examined

 

Discussion

Rhodostemonodaphne longiflora is characterized by the long inflorescences, relative to the length of the leaves.  These areThey become glabrous by next flush and are black drying, contrasting with the greenish- to yellowish-drying leaves; they also appear to be pendulous.  The leaves are very similar to those of Rh.R. laxa from the mountains of Colombia, to which it may be closely related.  It nevertheless differs in flower morphology, the anthers of Rh.R. laxa being sessile, while those of Rh.R. longiflora are borne on a conspicuous filamentous portion.

Mez determined this specimen as Nectandra anomala, a species from the Atlantic forest of Brazil.  Rhodostemonodaphne anomala has a denser, yellowish indument and larger ( ca. 16 X 8 cm) leaves.
Contact | Updated 28.07.2005 | ©2005 Santiago Madriñán